Fluid pressure motor with piston actuated pilot control means



Nov. 29, 1949 F E. COOPER 2,400,000

FLUID PRESS URE MOTOR WITH PISTON ACTUATED PILOT CONTROL MEANS Filed March 20, 1947 5 Sheets-Sheet l IN VEN TOR:

FRED COOPER HTTOKNE) F. E. COOPER 2,490,000

Nov. 29, 1949 FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR WITH PISTON ACTUATED PILOT CONTROL MEANS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 20, 1947 ,Fgg.4.

INVENTOR: 5 I FEED E COOPER BY 51 2 flaw/$4 48 fl TTORNE Y.

Nov. 29, 1949 F. E. COOPER I FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR WITH PISTON ACTUATED PILOT CONTROL MEANS Filed March 20, 1947 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 IN VEN TOR:

Patented Nov. 29, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR WITH PISTON ACTUATED PILOT CONTROL MEANS 2 Claims. 1

United States Letters Patent No. 2,397,778, issued April 2, 1946.

The general object of the invention is to provide an improved fluid-pressure motor, particularly useful for operating an oil well pump, which is enclosed within a housing suspended in an oil well, to one end of which housing is connected an oil well pump operated by the motor and to the other end of which housing is connected a discharge pipe for discharging the oil pumped by said pump from the well through said housing.

Another object is to provide an improved fluidpressure motor, including a plurality of pump units, connected in line, for operating an oil well pump or other mechanism.

A more particular object is to provide an improved fluid-pressure motor controlled by a pilotvalve mechanism.

Other objects and advantages will appear hereinafter as this specification progresses.

The invention is illustrated in the annexed drawings, which form a part of this specification and in which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of my invention shown within an oil well casing, and connected to an oil-well pump in said casing, below the oil level of the well in which said casing is located.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of my invention, taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 3, with its piston shown in position at the upper end of its stroke.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of my invention, taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of my invention taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 3, showing the valve head partly broken away and illustrating the valve ports in said head.

Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the valve head.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the valve mechanism of my invention.

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the valve mechanism of my invention with certain valve parts removed and showing certain valve ports.

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section of my invention like Fig. 3, but with its piston shown at the lower end of its stroke.

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section of my invention shown in multiple of two cylinder and piston units.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, in which corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals in all of the figures, I designates a valve housing, which is closed at its upper end by an upper end wall 2, and open at its lower end. A fluid intake pipe 3 is threaded at its lower end, at 4, in said upper end wall 2 of said housing for conducting fluid under pressure, such as compressed air or gas into the upper end of said housing. A fluid exhaust pipe 5 extends through a packing box 6 in said upper end wall 2 of said housing I. The lower open end of the housing I is formed with an internal thread I which is engaged by an external thread 8 on the lower end portion of a valve head 9 for detachably securing said valve head in said housing at one side thereof, as clearly shown in Fig. 3. On the upper end of the valve head 9 is formed a cylinder H1 in which reciprocates a piston II, from which a piston rod l2 extends downwardly through a packing box |3 in the lower head M of said cylinder, and to the lower end of said piston rod is connected a main slide valve l5 which slides on the longitudinally extending valve face I6 of the valve head 9. In the lower end of the valve head 9 is formed a coupling socket I! with an internal thread l8, in which socket is fitted the upper end of a connecting tube |9 formed at said end with an external thread 20 which engages said internal thread l8 in said socket whereby said tube l9 is detachably coupled to the lower end of the valve head 9. The valve head 9 is formed with a plurality of fluid ports 2|, 22, 23, 24, and 25. The port 2| extends longitudinally in the valve head 9 with one end thereof extending through the upper end of said valve head and its lower end extending outwardly through the valve face N5 of said valve head as indicated at 26. A pipe 21 connects the upper end of the port 2| and the lower end of the cylinder Ill. The port 22 extends longitudinally in the valve head 9 with its upper end extending through the valve face I6 of said valve head at 28, and with its lower end extending through the lower end of said valve head into the coupling socket l1, and the upper end of the tube 9. The port 23 extends longitudinally in the valve head 9 with its upper end extending through the upper end of said valve head and its lower end extending through the valve face it of said valve head at 29, there being a pipe connecting the upper end of said port 23 and the upper end of the cylinder iii. The port 2 3 extends longitudinally in the valve head s, with its upper end extending through the upper end of said head, and its lower end- 3i and a branch 32, intermediate the ends of said port, extending through the valve face it, the upper end of said port 2 5 oeing connected to the lower end of the exhaust pipe 5 by a screw coupling threaded in the upper end of the valve head ii. The port extends longitudinally in the valve head 9, with its upper end extending through the valve face it andits lower end 3% extending downwardly through the lower end of said valve head through the annular wall of the coupling socket ll outside of said socketandwtheatube It;

tact with the valve face It ofvfthe valve head 93? which valve rod 35 extends downwardly through motor chamber is closed at its upper end by an upper end wall 58 and is formed at its lower end with a reduced tubular extension 59 which is open at its lower end and is formed with an external thread 6E An oil pump 6|, including a pump barrel 62, a piston 63, an inlet valve 64 and an outlet valve 65 in said piston, is detachably coupled at its upper end to the lower end of the motor chamber 51, by engagement of an internal thread 6% in the upper end of said pump barrel, with the external thread on the lower end extension Eil of said motor chamber. The upper end of the piston 63 is connected to the lower end of the piston rod 45 of my,fluid-pressi1re motor 56 by a connecting rod 61; which extendsthrough the lower end extension 59 of the motor chamber 531"; the lower end of said rod being coupled by a screwcouplingjfl to the upper end of the cage 59 of the outlet valve- 0n the upper end of the pisten 63, and the upper end of said connecting rod "being-coupled to the lower end of said piston rod-l5 bya. screw coupling 10. An outlet pipe H a lower end wall 3'? of the valve head 53 ab'ovethlesocket ll and through a;,packing box 38 in said wall into said socket andjthevtuber 9-,: whichgwali f extends laterally from the valve face it oisaid;

valve head Q-and-isapartioi the-lower end portion of saidlhead. onzthe lower end-of the; re-

arrarm lil extendsv laterallyfrom saidzrod ata lard-determineddistance above said collar, for:

the-purpose hereinafterv more fully described;

OIIrth'BJOWEP'flI-ld;,Ofithfl connecting tube I9 is formedamexternal threadg ll and a cylinder 42 is;fern1ed;in its upper. end with an internal thread: 53', Whl0h thread :is screwed onrthe said external thread ll 7 on the; lower endzof-said connecting tuba: whereby said cylinder, is detachably connectedat itsvupper end to themlower end of said. In said :,cylinder 42- is slidably' fitted'z-a piston Msecuredon atubular piston rod connecting tube.

455- intermediate the ends :of said' piston irod, on the; upper; end :of which; .rod is threaded ran abut ment 'nut 45: whichis locked in adjusted position by a lockrnutvdt' The cylinder d2 is-formed near:

its 1 upper end-with a headx l'l through which the piston .-rod-4r5; extends upwardly from the piston Mdntothe; connecting tube iii-through the collar. 39;o;nthe lower end otthevalve rod tfirandunder,

the;armlid on said valve.rod;therebeing a packll'lEgbOX l? in said head-d1 vfitted around said piston; rod. The, lower end of*the; cylinder- 42' is;

formed withanexternal thread 33; andalower endhead-dfl is formediwith an upstanding .annular;fla-nge v5d; whichllras an internal thread 51:

screwed'on said cylinder end thread 38,. whereby said-headiis detachablyvsecured ion :the l lower end the upper end of itsgwallinto the upper end of" said-:cylinder andthe-supperqand outer end of whi ch;port and the lowerandiouter-end of the valveaport ZEi are connected bya pipe 55.

The parts above described includingthe housing-i connecting tube liltand cylinder 42, and the parts-contained therein constitute my fluid-pressurernotor; designated iniits entirety as 56," which is :-enclosed within aemotorl chamber 5].? Said chambered and is screw seated at its lower end at M in the upper end wa1l; 58 of said chamber.

The -fluideintake 5 pipe 3 3 and the fluid-exhaust pipe d fgmy fluid-pressure! motor- 56 extend upwardly frointhe upper endofthevalve housing I of-said motor through the upper end wall 58 of the motor chamber 57, and said intake pipe 3 and said-exhaust pipe Stare threaded in said .end Wall 5.8 of said I chamber; at I 13 and 14,. V respectively,

whereby my 'fiuidpressure motor 56' is suspended in; operative relation in; the motor chamber 57,

with the lower end of-its cylinder 42. elevated slightly abovetthelowertend wall of said motor chamber, frond which end wall depends the tubular extension 59, providing a.space 16 betweensaid lower end 'wall and-said lower end of said-cylinder, which spaceleads-irom the upper endrof saidtubular extension 59 tothe verticals spacell between my-fluid-pressure motor 56 and.

the vertical wall of the .motor chamber 57.

The outlet pipe i l-andtheintake pipe 3 and exhaust pipe 5- being threaded and secured at their lower ends in the upper end wall 58 ofthe r etorchamber; extend upwardlyinthetwell casing it, in the lower partof which my fiuid-presoil well lined by said casing,

The operation ofmyinvention is as follows:

Assuming ;thepp arts to be in, the pOsition as shown in'Figs. 1,2 and 7,' fiuid under pressure, such as air 01' petroleum gas, is introduced through the intake pipe 3 into the upper end of the valve housing and fills said housing, whereupon said fluid enters the upper end 34 of the port 25 and passes downwardly through said port, pipe and-port Ell intothe upper end of the cylinder 52 above the piston 44; and forces said piston, piston rod t; connecting rod 57 and the pump piston 53' downwardly, and'thefluid below the piston d lis forced by said pistonthrough the port 53; tubular piston rod 55, connecting tube 5%, port22, main valve 15, branch 32 of exhaust port fit and said exhaust port and exhaust pipe i3, until the abutment nutAB; on the upper end of the downwardly moving-piston rod d engages the collar 39 on the lower end of the valve operating rod Mand -moves said rod and: the-pilot slide valve down until said valve uncovers the lower end 25 of the port 2| and covers the lower end 29 of the port 23, and the lower end 3| of the port 24, whereupon fluid under pressure enters the lower end 25 of the port 2| and, passing upwardly through said port into the lower end of the pilot cylinder Ill, forces the piston ll, piston rod 12 and main slide valve l5 upwardly, while the fluid in the pilot cylinder Iii above said piston ll passes out through the pipe 38, port 23, pilot slide valve 35, exhaust port 24 and exhaust pipe 5, until said upwardly-moving main slide valve [5 uncovers the end 28 of the port 22 and covers the end 32 of the exhaust port 24, and the end 34 of the port 25, whereupon fluid under pressure passes from the housing I into the end 28 of port 22, through said port into the connecting tube l9 and into the upper end of and downwardly through the tubular piston rod 45 and out of said tubular rod through port 55 into the lower end of the cylinder 42 under the piston 44. Said fluid under pressure in the lower end of the cylinder 42 under the piston 44 forces said piston and piston rod 45 and the pump piston 65 upwardly and the fluid above the piston 44 out of the upper end of the cylinder 42 through the port 54, pipe 55, port 25, main slide valve I 5, branch 32 of exhaust port 24 and through said exhaust port and. the eX- haust pipe 5, until the upper end of the upwardly-moving piston rod 45 engages the arm and moves said arm and the valve-operating rod 38 and pilot slide valve 35 upwardly, until said valve uncovers the end 29 of the port 23 and covers the end 25 of port 22 and the end 3! of port 24, whereupon fiuid under pressure passes from the cylinder l into the end 29 of port 23 and through said port and pipe 58 into the upper end of the pilot cylinder I8, and said fluid forces the piston H, piston rod l2 and main slide valve 15 down, until said valve uncovers the end 34 of the port 25, and covers the ends 28 and 32 of the port 22 and exhaust port 24, respectively, thus bringing the parts of my fluid-pressure motor back to their initial position, after completion of a cycle of operations of my motor, whereupon the above described operations of my motor are repeated, and during said operations the reciprocation of the pump piston 53 by my fluid-pressure motor 58 pumps oil from the bottom of the well up through the pump 5i, tubular extension 59, motor chamber 51 and outlet pipe ii to the top of the well where the oil is discharged.

In Fig. 9 my invention is shown in multiple of two cylinders 42 and 88, and two pistons 44 and iii in axial alignment one below the other. The cylinder 85 is of the same construction as the cylinder 42 except that the inner diameter of the upper end of the cylinder 85, above its head 41, is slightly enlarged and formed with an internal thread 82, which is screwed on the external thread 48 on the lower end of the cylinder 42. The lower end head 49 is threaded on the lower end of the cylinder 86 with the internal thread 5i of said head screwed on the external thread 48 on the lower end of said cylinder. The piston rod extends downwardly from the piston 44 in the cylinder 42 through the packing box 41' in the upper end head 41 of the cylinder 88 and, through said cylinder 85 and the packing box 52 in the lower end head 45 of said cylinder, and the lower end of said piston rod is coupled by the coupling '55 to the upper end of the connecting rod 81 of the pump 5|, the pump barrel 82 being threaded at its upper end on the extension 59 on the lower end of the motor chamber 51, as hereiii - der 85.

inbefore described. The'piston 8| is secured on the tubular piston rod 45 in the cylinder 88, which tubular piston rod is provided with a port 83 below said piston 8! opening into said cylin- A port 84 leads downwardly from the port 5% through the wall of the cylinder 42 and connects at its lower end with the upper end of a port 85, which leads downwardly from the upper end of the cylinder 81] through the wall of said cylinder and into the upper end of said cylinder below the upper end head 41 of said cylinder.

Air is admitted from the port 54 through ports 84 and 85 into the cylinder 88 above the piston 8|, for forcing said piston downwardly, and air is permitted to escape from said cylinder 88 through the ports 85 and 84 to the port 54 on the upstroke of said piston, the air escaping through said port 54 as hereinbefore described.

Air is admitted through the piston rod 45 and port 83 into the cylinder 50 below the piston 8| to force said piston upwardly, and the air is permitted to escape from said cylinder through said port 83 and the piston rod 45, and from said piston rod, as hereinbefore described, on the down stroke of said piston 8 I.

Iclaim:

1. A fluid pressure motor including a valve housing, a valve head threaded in said housing, said valve head being provided with ports, a main valve and a pilot valve mounted on said valve head and controlling said ports, a power cylinder and piston, means for introducing fluid under pressure into said valve housing, means actuated by said power piston at the end of its upper stroke for positioning said valves to admit fluid under pressure from said valve housing through one of said ports leading into the upper end of said power cylinder for forcing said power piston down and for positioning said valves to permit escape of fluid under pressure from the lower end of said cylinder through one of said ports, and means actuated by said piston at the lower end of its stroke for positioning said valves to admit fluid under pressure from the valve housing through one of said ports to the lower end of said cylinder for forcing said piston upwardly, and for positioning said valves to permit the escape of fluid under pressure through one of said ports from the upper end of said cylinder.

2. A fluid pressure motor including a valve housin a main valve and a pilot valve in said housing controlling ports, a cylinder, a reciprocative piston in said cylinder, a tubular piston rod extending through said piston and through the heads, respectively, or" said cylinder, said piston rod being open at its upper end and closed at its lower end, but provided with a port below said piston communicating with said cylinder, means for introducing fluid under pressure into said valve housing, means actuated by said piston at the upper end of its stroke for positioning said valves to admit fluid under pressure from said valve housing through a port leading into the upper end of said cylinder for forcing said piston down and for positioning said valves to permit escape of fluid under pressure from the lower end of said cylinder through said port in said piston rod below said piston and through said tubular piston rod and one of the aforesaid ports, and means actuated by said piston at the lower end of its stroke for positioning said valves to admit fluid under pressure from the valve housing through one of the aforesaid ports and through said tubular piston rod and its port below said piston into the lower end of said cylinder for forc- 8;; ingzsmdspistonxupwaxdly, nd tornpositioning saids Number Namer Date valves-ztoziptfirmitjescape of.fluid under pressure: 2,-)8. 7;71.3;; Whiteside-zet a1. Ju1y20, 1937 through a; porticommunicating -with.-the,-upper 2,151,922 Geode June 13, 1939 end-rofisaidpcy-linderr 22,515,501. Richardson June 10, 1941 FRED E, COOPER. 5 2,261,752, Buckner Nov. 4, 1941 2,342,855 Green Feb. 29, 1944 REFERENCESBITED; 2,397,778 Cooper ,Apr. 2, 1946 The-fo11owing=references-are of record in the FOREIGN PATENTS fi e---of*this patent? 10 N be C untry D te um 12 o a UNITED PATENTS 80,612: Sweden, June 12, 1934 7 Number 2 Name Date:

471,870 L'epley Mar. 29;- 1892 

